Knowledge Transfer in the Automotive Industry: The Case of JICA’s Project for Automotive Supply Chain Development in Mexico

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32870/mycp.v8i23.609

Palabras clave:

Entrenamiento, Transferencia de conocimiento, Derrames de conocimiento, Industria automotriz, México

Resumen

La industria automotriz es considerada una fuente para el desarrollo económico tanto en países desa- rrollados como en vías de desarrollo. Sin embargo, las firmas endógenas en países en vías de desarrollo pueden no recibir las externalidades positivas de ingresar en cadenas de producción global debido a sus deficiencias tecnológicas y de conocimiento. Esta situación es notable para cadenas de producción ja- ponesa, las cuales demandan partes y componentes de alta calidad y favorecen la proveeduría de empre- sas pertenecientes a su mismo grupo económico, limitando las oportunidades para empresas locales. La capacitación y el entrenamiento pueden reducir la brecha tecnológica por medio de transferencia de conocimiento tácito y explícito. Este análisis presenta evidencia del rol que ejercen las agencias gubernamentales y la forma en que pueden afectar la transferencia de conocimiento a empresas locales por medio de entrenamiento. Los resultados presen- tados son de estudios de caso cualitativos y mues- tran beneficios de un proyecto de entrenamiento y capacitación implementado por la Agencia Japonesa de Cooperación Internacional (jica por sus siglas en inglés) en México. Las empresas participantes del proyecto mostraron  crecimiento y mejoras en sus indicadores de calidad y productividad, lo que les permitió obtener certificaciones, incrementar  su cartera de clientes y diversificar a nuevos mercados. El conocimiento adquirido pudo ser internalizado y difundido dentro  de las empresas y en algunos casos se transfirió  a otras líneas de producción y otras compañías.

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Biografía del autor/a

Leo Guzmán Anaya, Universidad de Guadalajara

Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas

Citas

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Publicado

2019-04-29

Número

Sección

Análisis